The three pillars of observability are: metrics: this refers to the data and measurements that are collected and monitored to understand the behavior and performance of a system. these can include resource utilization, error rates, latencies, and other relevant indicators. logs: these are records of events and activities that occur within a system. they can provide valuable insights into how the system is functioning, and can help with debugging and troubleshooting issues. traces: these are detailed records of the interactions between different components of a system. they can help to understand the flow of data and dependencies within a system, and can be used to identify bottlenecks and performance issues. together, metrics, logs, and traces form the core of observability in a system. by collecting and analyzing these types of data, it is possible to gain a comprehensive understanding of how a system is functioning and identify potential problems or opportunities for improvement.